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Square Enix Fullmetal Alchemist Ed and Al Elric Sculpture Arts Statue

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Japanese manga and anime serial

Fullmetal Alchemist
Fullmetal123.jpg

Cover of the first manga volume featuring Edward (right) and Alphonse Elric (left).
鋼の錬金術師
( Hagane no Renkinjutsushi )
Genre
  • Adventure[1] [2]
  • Nighttime fantasy[3] [4]
  • Steampunk[v] [2]
Manga
Written past Hiromu Arakawa
Published by
  • Enix (2001–03)
  • Square Enix (2003–10)
English publisher

AUS

Madman Amusement

NA

  • Viz Media
  • Yen Printing (digital)

SG

Chuang Yi
Imprint Gangan Comics
Magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan
Demographic Shōnen
Original run July 12, 2001 – June 11, 2010
Volumes 27 (List of volumes)
Light novel
Written by Makoto Inoue
Illustrated past Hiromu Arakawa
Published by Foursquare Enix
English language publisher

NA

Viz Media
Original run February 28, 2003 – Apr 22, 2010
Volumes 10 (Listing of volumes)
Anime television serial
  • Fullmetal Alchemist (2003–04)
    • Conquistador of Shamballa (2005 film)
  • Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood (2009–x)
    • The Sacred Star of Milos (2011 film)
Alive-activeness film
  • Fullmetal Alchemist (2017)

Fullmetal Alchemist (Japanese: 鋼の錬金術師, Hepburn: Hagane no Renkinjutsushi , lit. "Alchemist of Steel") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated past Hiromu Arakawa. It was serialized in Foursquare Enix's Monthly Shōnen Gangan shōnen manga anthology magazine betwixt July 2001 and June 2010; the publisher afterward collected the private capacity into twenty-seven tankōbon volumes. The steampunk earth of Fullmetal Alchemist is primarily styled later on the European Industrial Revolution. Set in the early on 20th century, in a fictional universe in which alchemy is a widely practiced scientific discipline, the series follows the journeying of two alchemist brothers, Edward and Alphonse Elric, who are searching for the philosopher's stone to restore their bodies after a failed endeavor to bring their mother back to life using alchemy.

Fullmetal Alchemist has been adapted into diverse anime—2 television receiver series and ii films, all animated by Bones—too equally low-cal novels. The series has generated original video animations, video games, supplementary books, a collectible card game, and a diversity of action figures and other merchandise. A alive-action film based on the serial was released in 2017. In N America, the manga was localized and published in English language by Viz Media. Yen Press has the rights for the digital release of the volumes since 2014.

The manga has sold over 80 million volumes worldwide, making it one of the best-selling manga series. It received the 49th Shogakukan Manga Award for the shōnen category in 2004, the U.k.'s Eagle Award for favorite manga in 2010 and 2011 and the Seiun Honour for best science fiction comic in 2011. Reviewers from several media outlets positively critiqued the series, particularly for its graphic symbol evolution, action scenes, symbolism, and philosophical references.

Synopsis [edit]

Setting [edit]

Fullmetal Alchemist takes place in the fictional country of Amestris ( アメストリス , Amesutorisu ). In this world, alchemy is ane of the most-adept sciences; alchemists who work for the regime are known as State Alchemists ( 国家錬金術師 , Kokka Renkinjutsushi ) and are automatically given the rank of major in the military. Alchemists accept the ability, with the help of patterns chosen transmutation circles, to create well-nigh anything they want. Yet, when they do so, they must provide something of equal value in accordance with the Law of Equivalent Exchange. The only things alchemists are forbidden from transmuting are humans and golden. At that place has never been a successful human being transmutation; those who try it lose a part of their body, and the event is an inhuman mass. Attemptees are confronted by Truth ( 真理 , Shinri ), a pantheistic and semi-cognitive God-like existence who tauntingly regulates all alchemy apply, and whose nigh-featureless advent is relative to the person with whom Truth converses; it is ofttimes claimed and believed that Truth is a personal God who punishes the arrogant.

Attemptees of human transmutation are also thrown into the Gate of Truth ( 真理の扉 , Shinri no Tobira ), where they receive an overwhelming dose of data, but also allowing them to transmute without a circle. All living things possess their ain Gate of Truth, and per the Gaea hypothesis, heavenly bodies like planets also have their own Gates of Truth. It is possible to bypass the Law of Equivalent Commutation using a Philosopher's Stone, a red, enigmatic substance. Philosopher's Stones are used to create Homunculi, artificial humans of proud nature; Homunculi have numerous superhuman abilities unique among each other, and look down upon all humanity. With the exception of one, they practise not age and can only be killed via the devastation of their Philosopher's Stones.

There are several cities throughout Amestris. The primary setting is the majuscule of Primal City ( セントラルシティ , Sentoraru Shiti ), forth with other armed services cities such as the northern urban center of Briggs ( ブリッグズ , Burigguzu ). Towns featured include Resembool ( リゼンブール , Rizenbūru ), the rural hometown of the Elrics; Liore ( リオール , Riōru ), a metropolis tricked into following a cult; Blitz Valley ( ラッシュバレー , Rasshu Barē ), a town that specializes in automail manufacturing; and Ishbal, a conservative-religion region that rejects alchemy and was destroyed in the Ishbalan Civil State of war instigated after a soldier shot an Ishbalan child. Outside of Amestris, at that place are few named countries, and none are seen in the main story. The main foreign country is Xing. Heavily reminiscent of China, Xing has a complex system of clans and emperors, every bit opposed to Amestris'southward regime-controlled ballot of a Führer. It also has its ain organisation of alchemy, called alkahestry ( 錬丹術 , rentanjutsu ), which is more medical and tin be bi-located using kunai; in plough, it is unsaid that all countries have different forms of alchemy.

Plot [edit]

Edward and Alphonse Elric live in Resembool with their female parent Trisha and begetter Van Hohenheim, the latter having left without a reason. Trisha soon dies from an illness. Afterward finishing their abracadabra training under Izumi Curtis, the Elrics try to bring their mother back with alchemy. The transmutation backfires, and Edward loses his left leg while Alphonse loses his torso. Edward sacrifices his right arm to call up Alphonse's soul, binding it to a adapt of armor. Edward is invited by Roy Mustang to become a Country Alchemist (to research a style to restore their bodies) and undergoes a painful medical procedure which grants him prosthetic automail limbs. Edward becomes a State Alchemist, with the title of Fullmetal Alchemist. The Elrics spend the side by side iii years searching for the mythical Philosopher'southward Stone to achieve their goals.

The Elrics are eventually attacked by an Ishbalan serial killer known as Scar, who targets State Alchemists in revenge for his people's genocide in the Ishbalan civil war. Returning to Resembool to have Edward's limbs repaired past their childhood friend and mechanic, Winry Rockbell, the Elrics meet Dr. Marcoh, who provides them with clues to learn that a Philosopher'due south Stone is created from human souls. They investigate a laboratory in which the Stones were created, just are hindered past the Homunculi. The Elrics decide to visit Izumi, hoping to improve their alchemy. Mustang'southward friend Maes Hughes continues the Elrics' research and finds out about a government conspiracy, but is killed by the homunculus Envy. The Elrics learn from Izumi that she attempted to use alchemy to revive her stillborn child. Alphonse is captured by the homunculus Greed, merely is rescued by Amestris' leader King Bradley. Bradley is revealed to be the homunculus Wrath, and brings the captured Greed to the Homunculi's creator, Father. When Greed refuses to rejoin his boyfriend Homunculi, he is reabsorbed by Male parent.

Subsequently meeting the Xingese prince Lin Yao, who seeks a Philosopher's Stone to cement his position as heir to his country'south throne, the Elrics render to Central City, where they acquire of Hughes's murder. Lieutenant Maria Ross is framed for Hughes' murder, so Mustang fakes Ross'south death and smuggles her out of the country. In encounters with the Homunculi, Mustang kills Lust. Lin captures Gluttony, who swallows Lin, Edward, and Envy into his void-like tummy. They escape from Gluttony's tummy afterward he takes Alphonse to meet Begetter, who makes Lin the vessel of Greed. Mustang tries to betrayal Bradley to the government, simply finds that the higher officials are complicit in Father's plans. The Elrics and Mustang are released, just warned not to oppose Father, who seeks to use them as "human sacrifices". Meanwhile, Scar heads due north with the Xingese princess May Chang, fired decadent official Yoki, and kidnapped Dr. Marcoh.

The Elrics head n as well, and accomplish Fort Briggs, allowable by General Olivier Armstrong. They face up the homunculus Sloth and acquire that Father founded Amestris to aggregate plenty population to create a massive Philosopher'due south Stone. With it, he can reach godhood past absorbing the being beyond the Gate of Truth on the 'Promised Day'. Forced to work with Solf Kimblee, a murderous onetime State Alchemist and ally of the Homunculi, the Elrics plow on him and split up, joined by a reformed Scar, his group, Kimblee's chimera subordinates, and afterwards Lin/Greed. Hohenheim reveals that he was made an immortal when Male parent arranged the fall of Cselkcess four centuries ago, and had been working since then to stop Male parent.

The Promised Mean solar day arrives, with Father planning to use an eclipse and 'human sacrifices' to trigger the transmutation. The Elrics and their comrades boxing Father's minions, with Kimblee and almost all of the Homunculi dying. Still, Father manages to activate the nationwide transmutation circle, and absorbs the superior existence. Hohenheim and Scar activate countermeasures, draining much of Father's absorbed souls, rendering him unstable. The Elrics and their comrades face Begetter in a final battle, in which Greed is killed by Father. Alphonse, his armor near destroyed, sacrifices his soul to restore Edward'due south correct arm. Edward defeats Father, who is dragged into the Gate of Truth, from which he was created. Edward sacrifices his ability to perform abracadabra to fully restore Alphonse, while Lin receives a Philosopher's Stone. Hohenheim goes to visit Trisha's grave, where he dies peacefully.

The Elrics return home, but divide ii years after to research abracadabra further. Years later, Edward and Winry have married and have two children.

Production [edit]

Development [edit]

After reading about the concept of the Philosopher's Stone, Arakawa became attracted to the thought of her characters using alchemy in the manga. She started reading books virtually alchemy, which she institute complicated because some books contradict others. Arakawa was attracted more than by the philosophical aspects than the practical ones.[half-dozen] For the Equivalent Exchange ( 等価交換 , Tōka Kōkan ) concept, she was inspired by the work of her parents, who had a farm in Hokkaido and worked hard to earn the money to eat.[7]

Arakawa wanted to integrate social problems into the story. Her research involved watching television news programs and talking to refugees, war veterans and former yakuza. Several plot elements, such every bit Pinako Rockbell caring for the Elric brothers afterwards their mother dies, and the brothers helping people to sympathise the meaning of family, expand on these themes. When creating the fictional world of Fullmetal Alchemist, Arakawa was inspired after reading well-nigh the Industrial Revolution in Europe; she was amazed by differences in the civilisation, architecture, and apparel of the era and those of her ain civilization. She was particularly interested in England during this catamenia and incorporated these ideas into the manga.[6] The series has a steampunk setting.[v] [viii] [9] The Ishbal region has similarities to the Center East, with the plot anticipating elements of the Iraq State of war which after occurred in the real earth.[10]

When the manga began serialization, Arakawa was considering several major plot points, including the ending. She wanted the Elric brothers to recover their bodies—at least partly.[11] As the plot continued, she thought that some characters were maturing and decided to change some scenes.[7] Arakawa said the manga authors Suihō Tagawa and Hiroyuki Eto are her main inspirations for her graphic symbol designs; she describes her artwork as a mix of both of them. She found that the easiest of the series's characters to draw were Alex Louis Armstrong, and the little animals. Arakawa likes dogs so she included several of them in the story.[12] Arakawa made one-act central to the manga's story because she thinks it is intended for entertainment, and tried to minimize sad scenes.[7]

Determination [edit]

When around forty manga chapters had been published, Arakawa said that as the series was nearing its end and she would endeavor to increase the step of the narrative. To avoid making some capacity less entertaining than others, unnecessary details from each of them were removed and a climax was developed. The removal of minor details was also necessary because Arakawa had as well few pages in Monthly Shōnen Gangan to include all the story content she wanted to add together. Some characters' appearances were limited in some chapters.[13] At first, Arakawa idea the series would final twenty-one volumes but the length increased to twenty-seven. Serialization finished later ix years, and Arakawa was satisfied with her work considering she had told everything she wanted with the manga.[11]

During the development of the outset anime, Arakawa immune the anime staff to piece of work independently from her, and requested a different catastrophe from that of the manga. She said that she would not similar to repeat the same catastrophe in both media, and wanted to make the manga longer so she could develop the characters. When watching the ending of the anime, she was amazed well-nigh how unlike the homunculi creatures were from the manga and enjoyed how the staff speculated about the origins of the villains.[6] Because Arakawa helped the Bones staff in the making of the serial, she was kept from focusing on the manga'southward cover illustrations and had little time to brand them.[13]

Themes and analysis [edit]

The series explores social issues, including discrimination, scientific advancement, political greed, alliance, family, and war.[14] Scar's backstory and his hatred of the state military references the Ainu people, who had their land taken by other people.[half-dozen] This includes the consequences of guerrilla warfare and the number of trigger-happy soldiers a military tin accept.[xv] Some of the people who took the Ainus' country were originally Ainu; this irony is referenced in Scar's apply of abracadabra to impale alchemists even though information technology was forbidden in his ain religion.[6] The Elrics existence orphans and adopted by Pinako Rockbell reflects Arakawa's beliefs about the ways society should care for orphans. The characters' dedication to their occupations reference the demand to work for food.[16] The serial too explores the concept of equivalent exchange; to obtain something new, ane must pay with something of equal value. This is applied by alchemists when creating new materials and is also a philosophical conventionalities the Elric brothers follow.[xi] [17]

Publication [edit]

Written and fatigued past Hiromu Arakawa, Fullmetal Alchemist was serialized in Square Enix's monthly manga mag Monthly Shōnen Gangan. Its first installment was published in the magazine's Baronial 2001 issue on July 12, 2001.[18] [19] The series finished with the 108th installment in the July 2010 effect of Monthly Shōnen Gangan, published on June 11, 2010.[20] [21] [22] A side-story to the series was published in the October 2010 upshot of Monthly Shōnen Gangan on September xi, 2010.[23] In the July 2011 upshot of the same magazine, the paradigm version of the manga was published.[24] Square Enix compiled the chapters into xx-seven tankōbon volumes, released from January 22, 2002, to November 22, 2010.[25] [26] A few chapters have been re-released in Japan in ii "Extra number" magazines and Fullmetal Alchemist, The Beginning Attack, which features the first nine chapters of the manga and other side stories.[27] Square Enix republished the series into eighteen kanzenban volumes, from June 22, 2011, to September 22, 2012.[28] [29]

In North America, Viz Media licensed the series for an English linguistic communication release in North America and published the xx-seven volumes betwixt May 3, 2005, and December 20, 2011.[30] [31] From June 7, 2011, to November 11, 2014, Viz Media published the series in an bus format, featuring iii volumes in one.[32] [33] In April 2014, Yen Press appear the rights for the digital release of the volumes in Due north America,[34] [35] and on Dec 12, 2016, has released the serial on the ComiXology website.[36] [37] On May 8, 2018, Viz Media started publishing the eighteen-volume kanzenban edition of the series as Fullmetal Alchemist: Fullmetal Edition.[38]

Other English localizations were done by Madman Entertainment for Australasia and Chuang Yi in Singapore.[39] [40] The series has been also localized in Smoothen, French, Portuguese, Italian, and Korean.[41] [42] [43] [44] [45]

[edit]

Anime series [edit]

Fullmetal Alchemist was adapted into two separate anime serial for television: a loose adaption with a mostly anime original story titled Fullmetal Alchemist in 2003–2004, and a retelling that faithfully adapts the original manga in 2009–2010 titled Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood.[46] [47]

Theatrical films [edit]

Blitheness [edit]

Two feature-length anime films were produced; Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa, a sequel/decision to the 2003 serial, and Fullmetal Alchemist: The Sacred Star of Milos, set up during the time period of Brotherhood.[48] [49]

Alive-action [edit]

A live-action film based on the manga was released on November 19, 2017. Fumihiko Sori directed the film.[l] The film stars Ryosuke Yamada as Edward Elric, Tsubasa Honda as Winry Rockbell and Dean Fujioka as Roy Mustang. On March 2 2022, the official announced that the sequels Fullmetal Alchemist: Final Affiliate - The Avenger Scar ( 鋼の錬金術師 完結編 復讐者スカー , Hagane no Renkinjutsushi: Kanketsu-hen - Fukushūsha Sukā ) and Fullmetal Alchemist: Final Chapter - The Last Transmutation ( 鋼の錬金術師 完結編 最後の錬成 , Hagane no Renkinjutsushi: Kanketsu-hen - Saigo no Rensei ) volition exist released on May 20 and June 24 2022.[51]

Calorie-free novels [edit]

Square Enix has published a series of six Fullmetal Alchemist Japanese light novels, written past Makoto Inoue.[52] The novels were licensed for an English-language release by Viz Media in Due north America, with translations past Alexander O. Smith and illustrations—including covers and frontispieces—by Arakawa.[53] [54] The novels are spin-offs of the manga series and follow the Elric brothers on their continued quest for the philosopher'due south stone. The get-go novel, Fullmetal Alchemist: The Land of Sand, was animated as the episodes 11 and twelve of the first anime series.[55] The fourth novel contains an actress story near the armed services chosen "Roy's Vacation".[56] Novelizations of the PlayStation two games Fullmetal Alchemist and the Broken Angel, Curse of the Crimson Elixir, and The Daughter Who Succeeds God have as well been written, the first by Makoto Inoue and the residuum by Jun Eishima.[52] Ii Wii games, Prince of the Dawn and Daughter of the Dusk, were also novelized in one volume by Sōji Machida.[57]

Audio dramas [edit]

There have been 2 series of Fullmetal Alchemist audio dramas. The commencement book of the kickoff series, Fullmetal Alchemist Vol. i: The State of Sand ( 砂礫の大地 , Sareki no Daichi ), was released before the anime and tells a similar story to the first novel. The Tringham brothers reprised their anime roles.[58] Fullmetal Alchemist Vol. 2: Fake Light, Truth'due south Shadow ( 偽りの光 真実の影 , Itsuwari no Hikari, Shinjitsu no Kage ) and Fullmetal Alchemist Vol. iii: Criminals' Scar ( 咎人たちの傷跡 , Togabitotachi no Kizuato ) are stories based on dissimilar manga chapters; their Country Military characters are unlike from those in the anime.[52] The second serial of audio dramas, bachelor only with purchases of Shōnen Gangan, consists two stories in this series, each with two parts. The get-go, Fullmetal Alchemist: Ogutāre of the Fog ( 霧のオグターレ , Kiri no Ogutāre ), was included in Shōnen Gangan 'due south April and May 2004 problems; the second story, Fullmetal Alchemist: Crown of Sky ( 天上の宝冠 , Tenjō no Hōkan ), was issued in the November and Dec 2004 bug.[52]

Video games [edit]

Video games based on Fullmetal Alchemist have been released. The storylines of the games oft diverge from those of the anime and manga, and characteristic original characters. Square Enix has released 3 role-playing games (RPG)—Fullmetal Alchemist and the Cleaved Angel, Curse of the Crimson Elixir, and Kami o Tsugu Shōjo. Bandai has released ii RPG titles, Fullmetal Alchemist: Stray Rondo ( 鋼の錬金術師 迷走の輪舞曲 , Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Meisō no Rondo ) and Fullmetal Alchemist: Sonata of Memory ( 鋼の錬金術師 想い出の奏鳴曲 , Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Omoide no Sonata ), for the Game Boy Advance and i, Dual Sympathy, for the Nintendo DS. In Japan, Bandai released an RPG Fullmetal Alchemist: To the Promised Solar day ( 鋼の錬金術師 Fullmetal Alchemist 約束の日へ , Hagane no Renkinjutsushi Fullmetal Alchemist Yakusoku no Hi eastward ) for the PlayStation Portable on May twenty, 2010.[59] Bandai also released a fighting game, Dream Funfair, for the PlayStation 2. Destineer released a game based on the trading menu game in North America for the Nintendo DS.[60] [61] Of the seven games made in Japan, Broken Angel, Curse of the Cerise Elixir, and Dual Sympathy take seen international releases. For the Wii, Akatsuki no Ōji ( 暁の王子 , lit. Fullmetal Alchemist: Prince of the Dawn) was released in Japan on August 13, 2009.[62] A directly sequel of the game, Tasogare no Shōjo ( 黄昏の少女 , lit. Fullmetal Alchemist: Daughter of the Dusk), was released on December ten, 2009, for the same console.[63]

Funimation licensed the franchise to create a new series of Fullmetal Alchemist-related video games to be published by Destineer Publishing Corporation in the United States.[64] Destineer released its get-go Fullmetal Alchemist game for the Nintendo DS, a translation of Bandai'southward Dual Sympathy, on December 15, 2006, and said that they programme to release farther titles.[65] On February 19, 2007, Destineer announced the second game in its Fullmetal Alchemist series, the Fullmetal Alchemist Trading Card Game, which was released on Oct fifteen, 2007.[66] A second game for the PlayStation Portable titled Fullmetal Alchemist: Senka wo Takuseshi Mono ( 背中を託せし者 ) was released in Japan on Oct 15, 2009.[67] A European release of the game, published by Namco Bandai Games, was announced on March 4, 2010.[68] The massively multiplayer online role-playing game MapleStory too received special in-game items based on the anime series.[69] For the 20th Anniversary of the series, Square Enix announced Fullmetal Alchemist Mobile, ready to be released in Japan in 2022.[lxx]

Arakawa oversaw the story and designed the characters for the RPG games, while Basic—the studio responsible for the anime series—produced several animation sequences. The developers looked at other titles—specifically Square Enix's activity function-playing game Kingdom Hearts and other games based on manga series, such as Dragon Ball, Naruto or 1 Piece games—for inspiration. The biggest claiming was to make a "full-fledged" game rather than a unproblematic character-based one.[71] Tomoya Asano, the assistant producer for the games, said that development took more than a yr, unlike most character-based games.[72]

Art and guidebooks [edit]

Cardback to the Fullmetal Alchemist TCG.

The Fullmetal Alchemist has received several artbooks. Iii artbooks called The Art of Fullmetal Alchemist ( イラスト集 FULLMETAL ALCHEMIST , Irasuto Shū Fullmetal Alchemist ) were released by Square Enix; two of those were released in the US by Viz Media.[73] [74] The first artbook contains illustrations made between May 2001 to April 2003, spanning the first six manga volumes, while the second has illustrations from September 2003 to October 2005, spanning the next half dozen volumes.[27] The terminal i includes illustrations from the remaining volumes.[75]

The manga also has iii guidebooks; each of them contains timelines, guides to the Elric brothers' journey, and gaiden chapters that were never released in manga volumes.[27] Only the first guidebook was released by Viz Media, titled Fullmetal Alchemist Profiles.[76] A guidebook titled "Fullmetal Alchemist Chronicle" ( 鋼の錬金術師 Relate ), which contains post-manga story information, was released in Japan on July 29, 2011.[77]

Merchandise [edit]

Activity figures, busts, and statues from the Fullmetal Alchemist anime and manga take been produced by toy companies, including Medicom and Southern Island. Medicom has created high cease palatial vinyl figures of the characters from the anime. These figures are exclusively distributed in the United states and Britain by Southern Isle.[78] Southern Island released its own action figures of the chief characters in 2007, and a 12" statuette was scheduled for release the aforementioned yr. Southern Island has since gone broke, putting the statuette'southward release in doubt.[79] A trading card game was beginning published in 2005 in the United States past Joyride Entertainment.[eighty] Since then, six expansions have been released. The carte du jour game was withdrawn on July 11, 2007.[81] Destineer released a Nintendo DS adaptation of the game on October 15, 2007.[66]

Reception [edit]

Popularity [edit]

Forth with Yakitate!! Japan, the series won the 49th Shogakukan Manga Award for the shōnen category in 2004.[82] It won the public voting for Hawkeye Award's "Favourite Manga" in 2010 and 2011.[83] [84] The manga also received the Seiun Award for best science fiction comic in 2011.[85] Arakawa also received the New Artist Prize in the fifteenth Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prizes for the manga series in 2011.[86] [87] Fullmetal Alchemist ranked 3rd on the first annual Tsutaya Comic Awards' All-Fourth dimension All-time Section in 2017.[88]

In a survey from Oricon in 2009, Fullmetal Alchemist ranked ninth equally the manga that fans wanted to be turned into a live-action pic.[89] The series is also popular with amateur writers who produce dōjinshi (fan fiction) that borrows characters from the series. In the Japanese market Super Comic Urban center, there have been over 1,100 dōjinshi based on Fullmetal Alchemist, some of which focused on romantic interactions between Edward Elric and Roy Mustang.[90] Anime News Network said the serial had the same impact in Comiket 2004 equally several female person fans were seen there writing dōjinshi.[91] On Tv Asahi's Manga Sōsenkyo 2021 poll, in which 150.000 people voted for their top 100 manga series, Fullmetal Alchemist ranked No. 9.[92]

Sales [edit]

The series has become one of Foursquare Enix's best-performing properties, along with Final Fantasy and Dragon Quest.[93] With the release of volume 27, the manga sold over 50 1000000 copies in Japan.[3] As of January ten, 2010, every book of the manga has sold over a million copies each in Japan.[94] Foursquare Enix reported that the series had sold 70.three million copies worldwide as of Apr 25, 2018, 16.4 million of those outside Nippon.[95] As of July 2021, the manga had 80 million copies in circulation worldwide.[96] The serial is also 1 of Viz Media'due south best sellers, appearing in "BookScan'southward Top 20 Graphic Novels" and the "Usa Today Booklist".[97] [98] [99] It was featured in the Diamond Comic Distributors' polls of graphic novels and The New York Times Best Seller Manga list.[100] [101] The English language release of the manga'south beginning book was the top-selling graphic novel during 2005.[102]

During 2008, volumes nineteen and 20 sold over a million copies, ranking every bit the 10th and 11th best seller comics in Japan respectively.[103] In the first one-half of 2009, it ranked equally the 7th best-seller in Nippon, having sold over 3 million copies.[104] Volume 21 ranked quaternary, with more than a meg copies sold and book 22 ranked sixth with a like number of sold copies.[105] Producer Kouji Taguchi of Square Enix said that Volume i's initial sales were 150,000 copies; this grew to one.5 million copies after the first anime aired. Prior to the second anime's premiere, each book sold about 1.9 million copies, then information technology changed to 2.1 million copies.[106]

Disquisitional response [edit]

Fullmetal Alchemist has mostly been well received past critics. Though the offset volumes were thought to be formulaic, critics said that the series grows in complexity as information technology progresses. Jason Thompson called Arakawa one of the best at creating action scenes and praised the series for having great female characters despite being a boys' manga. He also noted how the story gets dark by including real-world issues such equally authorities corruption, war and genocide. Thompson finished by stating that Fullmetal Alchemist "will be remembered as one of the classic shonen manga series of the 2000s."[107] Melissa Harper of Anime News Network praised Arakawa for keeping all of her character designs unique and distinguishable, despite many of them wearing the aforementioned basic uniforms.[108] IGN's Hilary Goldstein wrote that the characterization of Edward balances between being a "typical clever kid" and a "stubborn child", allowing him to float betwixt the comical moments and the underlying drama without seeming false.[109] Holly Ellingwood for Active Anime praised the development of the characters in the manga and their beliefs changing during the story, forcing them to mature.[110] Mania Amusement'southward Jarred Pine said that the manga tin can be enjoyed by anybody who has watched the first anime, despite the similarities in the offset chapters. Like other reviewers, Pino praised the dark mood of the series and the style it balances the sense of humour and activity scenes.[111] Pino likewise praised the development of characters who take few appearances in the commencement anime.[112] In a review of volume 14, Sakura Eries—also of Mania Entertainment—liked the revelations, despite the need to resolve several story arcs. She also praised the development of the homunculi, such as the return of Greed, as well as their fights.[113]

Encounter also [edit]

  • List of Square Enix manga franchises
  • List of Square Enix video game franchises

References [edit]

  1. ^ "The Official Website for Fullmetal Alchemist". Viz Media. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
  2. ^ a b Sherman, Jennifer (December 6, 2011). "Da Vinci Magazine Lists three Manga Among 2011'southward Top ten Books". Anime News Network . Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  3. ^ a b Loo, Egan (October 25, 2010). "Fullmetal Alchemist Manga: Over fifty Million Served". Anime News Network . Retrieved November 14, 2010.
  4. ^ 荒川弘「鋼の錬金術師」の全話が3月31日までの期間限定で、スクウェア・エニックスのマンガアプリ・マンガUP！にて配信されている。. Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. March xiv, 2017. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
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External links [edit]

  • Official Gangan Online Fullmetal Alchemist homepage (in Japanese)
  • Official Gangan Fullmetal Alchemist manga and novel website (in Japanese)
  • Official Viz Fullmetal Alchemist manga website at the Library of Congress Web Archives (archived Oct 7, 2010)
  • Fullmetal Alchemist (manga) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia

romerostrapead1988.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullmetal_Alchemist

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